To reduce costs and increase the availability of personalized genomics new approaches to DNA sequencing are required. Nanopore sequencing is one proposed technique.
In nanopore sequencing, DNA molecules are forced through a tiny aperture by electrophoresis. As the individual bases transit the nanopore, their identity can be determined, in theory, by measuring electron tunneling currents or by other means. To date, however, single base resolution has not been attained with this type of system.
Researchers at the Biodesign Institute of Arizona State University have devised a sequencing device for polymers (DNA, RNA, or proteins) based on electron tunneling signals as each chemical unit of a polymer passes through a small gap. In this method, the electrodes are functionalized with a reagent that binds the analyte molecules selectively and the gap is adjusted to a value such that all target analytes give distinct signals. A highly specific readout is possible, and individual bases within a DNA polymer can be identified.
Potential Applications
- Polymer (DNA, RNA or proteins) sequencing
- Personal diagnostic tools
- Protein discovery
Benefits and Advantages
- DNA sequencing method is enzyme-free
- Device can be adapted to recognize multiple targets