Invention Description
Cyanobacterial mat-formations (e.g., Phormidium, Microcoleus, Lyngbya, Oscillatoria, among other species) are increasingly recognized as problematic in both natural and artificial aquatic systems. These mat-forming cyanobacteria adhere to submerged surfaces, generating complex biofilms characterized by thick layers of EPS, steep internal chemical gradients, and elevated internal nutrient concentrations compared to overlying water. Such structures are resilient to conventional control methods including chemical algaecides, mechanical brushing, and periodic shock treatments.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a surface treatment system to help prevent and disrupt biofilms and cyanobacterial mat formation in both natural and artificial aquatic environments. By combining catalytic surface coatings with specialized nanobubbles, reactive oxygen species are generated to disrupt microbial adhesion, degrade extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and prevent the development of mature, cohesive biofilms. With a combination of efficiency, durability and environmental safety, this system enables highly localized antimicrobial activity representing a significant advance over current biofilm mitigation and control methods.
Designed to function without relying on strong UV light, this approach aims to provide sustained, self-cleaning protection in aquatic environments.
Potential Applications
- Swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, and other recreational water systems
- Drinking-water infrastructure, reservoirs, and water-treatment channels
- Water-distribution and piping systems
- Hydroponic systems and agricultural water infrastructure
- Fountains, water channels, and other natural or artificial aquatic environments
Benefits and Advantages
- Generates antimicrobial activity directly where biofilms form
- Targets microbial adhesion and extracellular polymeric substances that help biofilms persist
- Can operate under low-light and low-flow conditions
- May reduce dependence on repeated chemical treatments and labor-intensive mechanical cleaning
- Offers durable, tunable coating properties for water-exposed surfaces
- Designed for applications where compatibility with sensitive water environments is important