Invention Description
Conventional gas quenching is a scalable and environmentally friendly approach for accelerating solvent removal during perovskite film formation, but precise control of gas flow and temperature is essential to avoid defects and poor crystallinity. While gas quenching is compatible with large-area deposition techniques such as blade and slot-die coating, the effect of quenching-gas temperature on crystallization and film formation has remained largely unexplored. This study introduces a cold-air quenching strategy to provide local temperature control during perovskite fabrication in open-air conditions. Systematic investigation shows that cooling the quenching air to 10 °C slows crystallization, reduces residual strain and defects, promotes preferred crystal orientation, improves surface hydrophobicity, and suppresses interfacial carrier recombination. As a result, carbon-based perovskite solar cells fabricated using 10 °C air achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 20.4% and improved operational stability.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a novel cold air quenching technique using dry air at 10°C to optimize the fabrication and performance of carbon-based perovskite solar cells. By carefully controlling the crystallization environment during film formation, this method promotes uniform crystal growth, reduces strain within the films, and enhances carrier lifetime. These improvements lead to superior charge extraction, minimized interface recombination, and significantly increased power conversion efficiency. Designed for scalability, this novel cold air quenching process improves the crystallization of perovskite films and supports large-scale ambient processing without the need for expensive infrastructure.
This novel approach is scalable, cost-effective, and suitable for ambient condition manufacturing, offering a practical pathway to commercialize high-performance perovskite photovoltaic devices.
Potential Applications
- Production of high-efficiency carbon-based perovskite solar panels
- Flexible and lightweight solar modules for portable and wearable devices
- Large-scale, cost-effective solar cell manufacturing facilities
- Commercial renewable energy solutions requiring improved device stability
- Integration into building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) and solar energy products
Benefits and Advantages
- Enhances uniform crystallization leading to higher film quality
- Reduces in-plane strain and improves material hydrophobicity
- Achieves high power conversion efficiency of 20.4%
- Improves operational stability of solar cells
- Cost-effective and scalable for large-scale manufacturing
- Compatible with various perovskite compositions and flexible substrates
- Utilizes simple, ambient temperature control without costly infrastructure
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